The tourism industry is one of the sectors most vulnerable to climate change, facing numerous risks ranging from extreme weather events to long-term environmental shifts. As the frequency and intensity of these challenges increase, the concept of climate resilience becomes crucial

Climate resilience refers to the ability of destinations to withstand, adapt to, and recover from climate-related impacts. This resilience is fundamental to supporting sustainability in tourism by protecting natural resources, maintaining biodiversity, and securing livelihoods. Sustainability, in general, focuses on ensuring continuous prosperity, whereas resilience involves managing the stresses, shocks, or unexpected events that disrupt the usual conditions at a destination.

Ensuring stability and protecting natural resources
Climate resilience directly contributes to the stability of tourism destinations. By implementing measures to mitigate and adapt to climate change, destinations can protect their natural resources, which are often the primary attractions for tourists. For instance, destinations like Puerto Rico and the Philippines have developed sophisticated resilience strategies that include climate risk assessments, biodiversity conservation plans, and hazard mapping.^1,2 These measures help preserve beaches, forests, and other natural assets that are crucial for tourism.

Developing land use policies to control development around these assets, getting involved in initiatives to conserve biodiversity, and creating solutions for carbon absorption are vital actions. Such strategies not only protect the environment but also enhance the attractiveness and sustainability of these destinations.

Infrastructure and economic resilience
The tourism industry relies heavily on infrastructure, from accommodation and transportation to support facilities. Ensuring that this infrastructure is resilient to climate impacts is essential. This includes not only the physical assets but also the plans and processes for dealing with crises, such as evacuation drills and infrastructure assessments.

The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the importance of this adaptability, as many destinations implemented swift measures to maintain tourism jobs and pivot to new visitor markets. Proactive policies, such as training and capacity building, improve the overall resilience of the tourism economy, ensuring that it can withstand future shocks.

Societal and community resilience
Societal resilience focuses on the ability of local communities to cope with environmental, economic, and social threats. This means ensuring that tourism does not adversely affect local populations and community involvement is integral to planning and activities. The Bahamas provides a good example, where the government has implemented policies to promote local sourcing, create meaningful career opportunities, and involve communities in tourism development.³

Similarly, destinations like California have involved local residents in developing sustainability and resilience plans, which include water conservation, pollution control, and sustainable tourism practices.⁴ This not only enhances the resilience of the sector but also fosters a sense of ownership and pride among residents, which is vital for long-term sustainability.

Climate resilience is indispensable for the sustainability of the tourism industry. These efforts not only safeguard the environment and local livelihoods but also ensure that tourism remains a viable and sustainable economic driver for future generations.